We can then consider patent protection and start discussing possible paths towards commercialization. Patent costs and impact on innovation european commission. For large companies, transfer of such knowledge and technology can be done through purchasing the patent, licensing or trademark. Patented technologies and inventions by senior scientists are more likely to be licensed, but patent protection is related to lower commercialization odds and lower. Patents, licensing and technology transfer bristol myers. Usf technology transfer office news technology transfer. Usf robot gripper technology selected for innovation corps team program october 16, 20. Under these circumstances, the need has arisen to promote licensing in to complement a companys own. Usfs innovation and patent production report january 17, 2020 tampa bay business journal. We are very grateful to ken nisbet, robin rasor, and the staff of the um office of technology transfer for their.
Technology licensing, knowledge transfer and innovation. The process of technology transfer is summarized in the steps and diagram that follow. Nonpracticing entities npes might provide such innovation, either directly, through working the patent or transfer of technology to others who do, or indirectly, when others copy. Stevensonwydler technology innovation act of 1980 requires federal laboratories to have a formal tech nology transfer program. This paper studies the effects of iprs on innovation and technology transfer in a north. Intellectual property rights, licensing, and innovation. I am pleased to present this study on technology transfer, intellectual property rights and universityindustry partnerships. Technology transfer is the process by which basic science research and fundamental discoveries are developed into practical and commercially relevant applications and products. Universities, innovation, and the competitiveness of local economies. Although licensing revenue is not psus primary technology transfer goal, it is important to supporting faculty projects and managing patent portfolio expenses. This report covers trends in the interrelated system of invention, knowledge transfer, and innovation. Traditional justifications for patents are all based on direct or indirect contribution to the creation of new products.
Technology transfer only occurs when the licensee fully understands the use, adaptation, and implementation of the technology and all of its components. In fact, to implement its strategy of becoming an innovative economy, sichuan. Technology transfer and commercialization research and. Technology transfer, also called transfer of technology tot, is the process of transferring disseminating technology from the person or organization that owns or holds it to another person or organization.
The university has a mission of knowledge in the service of society, and in that context inventions sometimes. Who decides whether or not to file patent applications. Patent rights can facilitate technology transfer firms are confident to disclose technology when negotiating a licensing contract patents offer a delineation of technological assets combined with the assurance of market exclusivity depending on business models, it may or may not be in the interest of patent owners to transfer their. Antitrust guidelines for the licensing of intellectual property. Technology transfer process technology transfer is the movement or flow of technical knowledge, data, designs, prototypes, materials, inventions, software, andor trade secrets from one organisation to another organisation or from one purpose to another purpose. Policy on inventions, patents, and technology transfer draft i. It can occur through publications, educated students entering the workforce, exchanges at conferences, and relationships with industry. This is the goal of the national security agency nsa technology transfer programs ttp patent licensing activitiesto create dynamic, effective partnerships between the agency and industry that deliver advanced capabilities into the marketplace. Seeing that koreas innovation system was based upon the catchup model. Third, there has been a dramatic upsurge in patenting and licensing since 1980, which.
Patents, licensing and technology transfer bristol myers squibb. P support to increase the value of patents held by universities and public research institutions. Commercialization of intellectual property rights through license agreements. The decision is made based on recommendations of the technology transfer office in consultation with the inventors. New clean energy patent classification epo technology diffusion and transfer. Technology transfer process mit technology licensing office. The changing face of university technology transfer. Technology transfer is the mechanism by which the accumulated knowledge developed by a specific entity is transferred wholly or partially to another one to allow the receiver to benefit from such knowledge unido, 2004. Maskus the world bank development research group trade. Inventors guide to technology transfer 8 the technology transfer process and the cycle of innovation technology transfer lifecycle the technology transfer process is a continuous cycle in which research drives innovation and the creation of licensed products and services in the marketplace, which in turn help fund future research and innovation. Nonpracticing entities npes as well as productproducing companies can sometimes provide such innovation, either directly, through working the patent. Patent licensing, technology transfer, and innovation aeaweb. Technology transfer center, sichuan university, sichuan western international technology transfer center, and a variety of other corporate technology transfer mechanisms and nonprofits affiliated with the municipal government.
We find that very few patent license demands actually lead to new innovation. Note that these steps can vary in sequence and often occur simultaneously. This process is central to promoting economic growth and ensuring the united states remains the global innovation leader. Antitrust guidelines for the licensing of intellectual.
In another sense, technology transfer is to improve the technological capability of business enterprises in developing countries. Sustainable idea development mechanism in university technology. Intellectual property rights and clean energy technologies. Pdf patent licensing, technology transfer, and innovation. Universities are guided by the core values and practices outlines in nine points to consider in licensing university technology, which sets out the principles for ensuring technology transfer promotes the public good. The experience of china, india, japan, philippines, the republic of korea, singapore and thailand. Technology transfer is the movement of knowledge and discoveries to the general public. Technology transfer programs ttp patent licensing activitiesto create dynamic, effective partnerships between the agency and industry that deliver advanced capabilities into the marketplace. Technology transfer also includes collaboration between private companies and federal labs, for example, in the testing of advanced batteries. Hall1 abstract the theoretical and empirical evidence on the relationship between the strength of patent protection in a country and technology transfer of various kinds to that country is surveyed. Policy on inventions, patents, and technology transfer. Ball, technology transfer and innovation policy at canadian. Patents serve the social interest if they provide not just invention, but innovation the world would not otherwise have. To provide a comparison of patent costs levels and structures at country level.
Jsts program to promote technology transfer and innovation through collaboration between. The protection and licensing of intellectual property rights is here identified as one possible. Licensing embodies features that are missing in these other channels, namely costs of contracting at armslength between innovators and licensees. Traditional justifications for patents are based on direct or indirect contribution to product creation. The tto works with researchers and students in every college to ready new inventions for the patenting. Patent licensing, technology transfer, and innovation. The conclusions are that stronger patent protection. Pdf traditional justifications for patents are based on direct or indirect contribution to product creation. In other instances, technology transfer involves the informal. System whereby patents can be freely used at the research stage. The university of south florida s usf technology transfer office was established in 1990 to facilitate the commercialization of university intellectual property, including patents and s.
The evaluation process will guide the technology transfer offices strategy on whether to focus on licensing to an existing company or to help the inventors create a new startup business. Landfill partners for first in florida innovative research. Based on the assessment, the university will determine whether or not it will file for patent protection on the invention. Nonpracticing entities npes as well as productproducing companies can sometimes provide such innovation, either directly, through working the patent or transfer of technology to others who do, or indirectly, when others copy the patented innovation. The determination is based on the scope of the invention, its patentability, and commercial merit. Since 2010, the white house has focused on initiatives to increase the impact of. Sep 04, 2019 the evaluation process will guide the technology transfer offices strategy on whether to focus on licensing to an existing company or to help the inventors create a new startup business. Intellectual property rights, licensing, and innovation guifang yang keith e. This booklet is based on the university of michigans inventors guide to technology transfer, with adaptation for penn state and the penn state office of technology management otm. Patent licensing, technology transfer, and innovation by mark a. Available evidence suggests, however, that ex post licensing demands from npes do not normally. We survey those involved in patent licensing to see how often patent license demands actually led to innovation or technology transfer. The technology transfer office tto works with researchers and students in every college to ready new inventions for the patenting process and potential licensing opportunities.
Moreover, numerous cases of technology transfer are seen in india by various wellknown institutions. The studys results, if representative, overwhelmingly cut against those who argue that patent license requests facilitate technology transfer and innovation. Universities worldwide play a leading role in advancing the frontiers of science and technology. In some cases, technology transfer involves the transfer of legal rights, such as licensing a governmentowned patent to a private sector entity.
The inventors guide to tech transfer outlines the essential elements of technology transfer at the university of california, berkeley. Does patent protection help or hinder technology transfer. Oct, 2014 moreover, numerous cases of technology transfer are seen in india by various wellknown institutions. A strong patent system results in benefits not only at eu level but at a global level and patent costs are one of its key elements. Technology transfer by licensing innovation center for. The basics of negotiating a successful technology license. Sample of patent and knowhow licensing agreement 65 1 technology transfer and licensing.
The technology transfer process is guided by the policies and values of. The importance of patents and academic technology transfer. In the united states, technology transfer metrics for the federal government and academic. Technology transfer and its licensing have played a crucial role in all round development and the advent of the technology which in results help in.
For the tlo, however, technology transfer refers to the formal licensing of technology to third parties, managed and administered by the tlo. Patent and trademark applications, which are indicators of invention, more than doubled globally between 2008 and 2017, with middleincome countries worldwide rapidly increasing their participation. Does the sale of a technology constitute technology transfer. Technology transfer and its licensing have played a crucial role in all round development and the advent of the technology which in results help in the development of the economy of the country. Using patent data as an indicator of international technology transfer fleur watson, nick johnstone and ivan hascic empirical policy analysis unit oecd environment directorate october 2009 patent activity is frequently used as a proxy for technological innovation, that is. This guide is organized to answer the most common questions we typically field from our research community and provides a broad overview of the tech transfer process and services. The process of technology transfer involves the initial submission to the tlo of a new technology which has arisen from research or activity undertaken by mit employees. International cases on innovation, knowledge and technology transfer. Intellectual property and technology transfer house of commons. Patents serve the social interest if they provide not just invention, but. Technology transfer an overview sciencedirect topics.
For the purposes of this guide, however, technology transfer refers to the formal licensing of. Read chapter 1 the growth of university technology transfer. As public disclosure of your technology can result in a loss of patent rights in some jurisdictions, it is important to speak with a technology transfer manager prior to publishing your research findings or sharing them with any third party. In this guide, technology transfer refers to the licensing of inventions. The introduction of a technology into a developing country, is understood by some developed countries as having achieved the objective of technology transfer.
Iip licenses university intellectual property to external partners. Oct 09, 2017 the changing face of university technology transfer. We also examine the impact on operational performance that is generated by engaging policy makers and managers in the work of technology transfer to provide new ideas and methods, and analyze the basis for assessing. Including such markers creates a more dynamic picture of the potential for future commercialization, even if that commercialization has yet to occur. For a licensing deal to be successful and lead to further partnerships, the licensor has to actively. Learn how bristol myers squibb utilizes patent licensing and technology transfer approaches to ensure hiv drugs reach those most in need and hardest hit by the pandemic. The process then moves to evaluation, potential patenting, marketing and licensing the intellectual property to third parties. Patent licensing development of plans and proposals related to ip strategies accelerating utilization of university ip program conversion of research output to rights patent acquisition support. This work allows for a sustained focus on transferring cuttingedge research and innovation to the commercial marketplace.
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